2020年7月英语六级听力真题(网友版)

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　　Recording 1

　　Qualities of a relationship such as openness， compassion and mental stimulation are of concern to most of us regardless of sex， but - judging from the questionnaire response， they are more important to women than to men. Asked to consider the ingredients of close friendship， women rated these qualities above all others. Men assigned a lower priority to them in favor of similarity in interests， selected by seventy-seven percent of men， and responsiveness in a crisis， chosen by sixty-one percent of male respondents. Mental stimulation， ranked third in popularity by men as well as women， was the only area of over-lap. Among men， only twenty-eight percent named openness as an important quality; caring was picked by just twenty -three percent.

　　It is evident by their selections that when women speak of close friendships， they are referring to emotional factors， while men emphasize the pleasure they find in a friend's company. That is， when a man speaks of 'a friend'， he is likely to be taking about someone he does things with - a teammate， a fellow hobbyist， a drinking buddy. These activities are the fabric of the friendship; it is a 'doing' relationship in which similarity in interests is the key bond. This factor was a consideration of less than eleven percent of women. Women opt for a warm， emotional atmosphere where communication flows freely; activity is mere background.

　　Lastly， men， as we have seen， have serious questions about each other's loyalty. Perhaps this is why they placed such strong emphasis on responsiveness in a crisis - 'someone I can call on for help.' Women， as their testimonies indicate， are generally more secure with each other and consequently are more likely to treat this issue lightly. In follow-up interviews this was confirmed numerous times as woman after woman indicated that 'being there when needed was taken for granted.'

　　As for the hazards of friendship， more than a few relationships have been shattered because of cutthroat competition and feelings of betrayal. This applies to both men and women， but unequally. In comparison， nearly twice as many men complained about these issues as women. Further， while competition and betrayal are the main thorns to female relationship， men are plagued in almost equal amounts by two additional issues： lack of friendship and a fear of appearing unmanly. Obviously， for a man， a good friend is hard to find.

　　Question 16： What quality do men value most concerning friendship according to a questionnaire response?

　　Question 17： What do women refer to when speaking of close friendships?

　　Question 18： What may threaten a friendship for both men and women?

　　”Too many people view their jobs as a five-day prison from which they are paroled

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　　every Friday ， ”says Joel Goodman ， founder of The Humor Project ， a humor-consulting group in Saratoga Springs， New York. Humor unlocks the office prison because it lets adults bring some of their childlike spirit to the job.

　　According to Howard Pallio， professor of psychology at the University of Tennessee，

　　Knoxville ， an office with humor breaks is an office with satisfied and productive

　　employees. Pollio conducted the study that proved humor can help workers excel at routine production tasks. Employees perform better when they have fun .

　　In large corporations with a hierarchy of power， there is often no outlet for stress， “Every company needs underground ways of poking fun at the organization， ”says Lynn N Mark ， the speaker on workplace humor for St . Mary's Health Center in

　　St. Louis . 7

　　Kodak's Rochester New York branch discovered a way for its 20 000 employees to uncork their bottled-up resentments . Their 1 000 square foot ”Humor Room”

　　features a “toy store”. ”Among the room's many stress-reducing gadgets， the main attraction is a boss doll with detachable arms and legs. Employees can take the doll apart， as long as they put its arms and legs back in place.

　　Sandy Cohen， owner of a graphic print-production business， created ”The Quote

　　Board” to document the bizarre phrases people say when under strict

　　deadlines. ”When you’re under stress， you say stupid things， ”says Cohen， “now we just look at each other and say that’s one for the Quote Board!”

　　9. What does the passage say about humor in the workplace?

　　10. What does the study by Howard Pollio show?

　　11. What can Kodak's employees do in the Humor Room?

　　Recording 3

　　主题：家庭关系

　　I would like particularly to talk about the need to develop a new style of aging in our new society.

　　Young people in this country have been accused of not caring for their parents， the way they would have in the old country. And this is true， but it is also true that old people have been influenced by an American ideal of independence and autonomy. So， we live alone， perhaps on the verge of starvation， in time without friends， but we are independent. This standard American style has been forced on every ethnic group， although there are many groups for whom the ideal is not practical. It is a poor ideal and pursuing it does a great deal of harm.

　　This ideal of independence also contains a tremendous amount of unselfishness. In talking to today's young mothers， I have asked them what kind of grandmothers they think they are going to be. I hear devoted， loving mother say that when they are through raising their children， they have no intention of becoming grandmothers. They were astonished to hear that in most of the world throughout most of its history， families have been three- or four-generation families， living under the same roof. We have over-emphasized the small family unit - father， mother， small children. We think it is wonderful if Grandma and Grandpa， if they're still alive， can live alone.

　　We have reached the point where we think the only thing we can do for our children is to stay out of their way. And the only thing we can do for our daughter-in-law is to see as little of her as possible. Old people's nursing homes， even the best run， are filled with older people who believe the only thing they can do for their children is to look cheerful when they come to visit. So， in the end， older people have to devote all their energies to 'not being a burden.'

　　Were beginning to see what a tremendous price we've paid for our emphasis on independence and autonomy. We've isolated old people and we've cut off the children from their grandparents. One of the reasons we have as bad a generation gap today as we do is that grandparents have stepped out. Young people are being deprived of the thing they need most - perspective， to know why their parents behave so peculiarly and why their grandparents say the things they do.

　　Q22 What have young Americans been accused of?

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　　Q23 What does the speaker say about old people in the United States?

　　Q24 What is astonishing to the young mothers interviewed by the speaker?

　　O25 What does the speaker say older people tried their best to do?

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