2018年12月大学英语六级听力试题解析-第一套

　　Passage 1

　　During the arctic winter from October to March， the average temperature in the frozen north typically hovers around minus 20 degrees Celsius. But this year the Arctic is experiencing much higher temperatures. On February the 20th the temperature in Greenland climbed above freezing or zero degrees Celsius and it stayed there for over 24 hours. Q9: Then on February the 24th the temperature on Greenland’s northern tip reached six degrees Celsius. Climate scientists describe the phenomenon as stunning. Weather conditions that drive this bizarre temperature surge have visited the Arctic before. Q10: They typically appear about once in a decade. However, the last such increase in temperature took place two years ago. This is troubling as climbing arctic temperatures combined with rapid sea ice loss are creating a new type of climate feedback loop which could accelerate Arctic warming. Indeed, sea ice cover in the Arctic is melting faster than expected. Without those masses of cooling sea ice, warm air brought to the Arctic can penetrate further inland than it ever did before. The air can stay warmer longer too. This drives additional melting. Overall earth is warming at a rapid pace. 2014 through 2017 rank as the hottest years on record and the Arctic is warming twice as fast as any place else on earth. This raises unique challenges for Arctic wildlife and indigenous people who depend on Arctic ecosystems to survive. Previously climate forecasts predicted that Arctic summer ice would disappear entirely by around 2060, Q11: but based on what scientists are seeing now the Arctic may be facing summers without ice within 20 years.

　　Question 9: What did climate scientists describe as stunning?

　　The unprecedented high temperature in Greenland.

　　解析：原文Then on February the 24th the temperature on Greenland’s northern tip reached six degrees Celsius. Climate scientists describe the phenomenon as stunning.该题有一步逻辑推理，考生需要根据the phenomenon向前判断具体是什么现象，有一定难度。

　　Question 10: What does the passage say about that temperature surge in the Arctic?

　　It typically appears about once every ten years.

　　解析：原文直接提及的明示信息They typically appear about once in a decade.其中ten years是对原文中decade的同义替换，they就是指代前文提到的the temperature surge in the Arctic。

　　Question 11: What may occur in 20 years according to scientists’ recent observations?

　　Iceless summers in the Arctic.

　　解析：原文直接提及的明示信息but based on what scientists are seeing now the Arctic may be facing summers without ice within 20 years.答案出现在文章末尾，同时有转折词but提示，iceless是对without ice的同义替换。

　　总体：该篇文章科普了全球气候变暖下的北极温度升高。Q9需要需要推理归纳，Q10,Q11为原文明示的细节信息，选项均有同义替换，总体难度适中。

　　Passage 2

　　Q12: A good dose of willpower is often necessary to see any task through whether it’s sticking to a spending plan or finishing a great novel. And if you want to increase that willpower. A new study suggests you just simply have to believe you have it. According to this study, Q13: what matters most is what we think about our willpower. If we believe it’s a finite resource,we act that way,we feel exhausted and need breaks between demanding mental tasks. However,people who view their willpower as a limitless resource get energized instead. The researchers used a psychological assessment tool to test the validity of the study. They asked 1100 Americans and 1600 Europeans to grade different statements such as after a challenging mental activity, my energy is depleted and I must rest to get it refueled again or I can focus on a mental task for long periods without feeling tired.

　　Q14: Although there was little difference between men and women overall. Americans were more likely to admit to needing breaks after completing mentally challenging tasks European participants on the other hand claimed they were able to keep going. Based on the findings, the researchers suggest that the key to boosting your willpower is to believe that you have an abundant supply of it. Q15: Your feelings about your willpower affect the way you behave. But these feelings are changeable, they said. Changing your beliefs about the nature of your self-control can have positive effects on character development. This leads to healthier behaviors and perceptions of other people.

　　Question 12 : What is often necessary for carrying through a task?

　　A strong determination

　　原文：A good dose of willpower is often necessary to see any task through whether it’s sticking to a spending plan or finishing a great novel.

　　选项a strong determination是原文a good dose of willpower的同义替换。因此是正确答案。

　　Question 13 : What is the finding of the new study?

　　It is most important to have confidence in one’s willpower.

　　原文：A new study suggests you just simply have to believe you have it. According to this study, what matters most is what we think about our willpower.If we believe it’s a finite resource, we act that way, we feel exhausted and need breaks between demanding mental tasks

　　文中有提示词A new study suggests…表明了新的研究的主要观点。选项it is important to have confidence in one’s willpower.是正确选项。后面的内容是对这一结论的详细叙述，且分情况进行了讨论。

　　Question 14 : What do we learn about European participants as compared with their American counterparts?

　　They could keep on working longer

　　原文：Although there was little difference between men and women overall. Americans were more likely to admit to needing breaks after completing mentally challenging tasks European participants on the other hand claimed they were able to keep going.

　　有although提示词。选项they could keep on working longer.是对文中European participants on the other hand claimed they were able to keep going的同义替换。

　　Question 15: What do the research say concerning people’s feelings about willpower?

　　They are subject to change.

　　原文：Your feelings about your willpower affect the way you behave. But these feelings are changeable, they said.

　　选项be subject to受…支配;从属于…的意思。因此选项they are subject to change表达了原文的意思。