2018年12月六级真题阅读：As smartphones have proliferated, so have...

　　2018年12月英语六级真题仔细阅读

　　Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

　　As smartphones have proliferated, so have questions about their impact on how we live and how we work. Often the advantages of convenient, mobile technology are both obvious and taken for granted, leaving more subtle topics for concerned discussion: Are smartphones disturbing children's sleep? Is an inability to get away from work having a negative impact on health? And what are the implications for privacy?

　　51. What does the author say about the negative impact of smartphones?

　　A. It has been overshadowed bythepositive impact.

　　B. It has more often than not been taken for granted.

　　C. It is not so obvious but has caused some concern.

　　D. It is subtle but should by no means be overstated.

　　解析：利用顺序原则和关键词(negativeimpact)定位，定位至第三段第二句。移动手机带来的便利这个好处是明显的而且被认为理所当然，留下一些微妙的(负面)话题引发了相关讨论。因此答案选择C。

　　mBut today, on the 10th anniversary of the iPhone, let's take a moment to consider a less obvious advantage: the potential for smartphone technology to revolutionize behavioral science. That's because, for the first time in human history, a large proportion of the species is in continuous contact with technology that can record key features of an individual's behavior and environment. To quote a recent article published in Perspectives in Psychological Science: "Psychology has a great deal of data on what people believe they do... but little data on what people actually do."

　　52. What is considered a less obvious advantaged of smartphone technology?

　　A. It systematically records real human interactions.

　　B. It helps people benefit from technological advances.

　　C. It brings people into closer contact with each other.

　　D. It greatly improves research on human behavior.

　　解析：根据顺序原则和关键词(less obvious)定位至第四段第一句。智能手机科技改革了行为科学的研究。因此答案选择D。

　　nResearchers have already begun to use smartphones in social scientific research, either to query people regularly as they engage in their normal lives or to record activity using the device's built-in sensors. These studies are confirming, challenging and extending what's been found using more traditional approaches, in which people report how they behaved in real life or participate in relatively short and artificial laboratory-based tasks.

　　53. What characterizes traditional psychological research?

　　A. It is based on huge amounts of carefully collected data.

　　B. It relies on lab observations and participants’ reports.

　　C) It makes use of the questionnaire method.

　　D) It is often expensive and time-consuming.

　　解析：根据关键词 traditional psychological research 定位到第五段“…traditional approaches, in which people report how they behaved in real life or participate in relatively short and artificial laboratory-based tasks. ”，非限制性定语从句in which后面修饰的即traditional approach，指人们报告自己在实际生活中的做法和在实验室中简单而虚拟的实验室任务，因此答案选择B。

　　qThese studies are just first steps. As more data are collected and methods for analysis improve, researchers will be in a better position to identify how different experiences, behaviors and environments relate to each other and evolve over time, with the potential to improve people's productivity and wellbeing in a variety of domains. Beyond revealing population-wide patterns, the right combination of data and analysis can also help individuals identify unique characteristics of their own behavior, including conditions that could indicate the need for some form of intervention — such as an uptick in behaviors that signal a period of depression.

　　54. How will future psychological studies benefit individuals?

　　A) By helping them pin down their unusual behaviors.

　　B) By helping them maintain a positive state of mind.

　　C) By helping them live their lives in a unique way.

　　D) By helping them cope with abnormal situations.

　　解析：根据问题关键词“future psychological studies benefit individuals”定位到原文第八段第三句“…can also help individuals identify unique characteristics of their own behavior…”,即帮助个人确认他们行为不寻常的特征。故选择A。

　　rSmartphone-based data collection comes at an opportune time in the evolution of psychological science. Today, the field is in transition, moving away from a focus on laboratory studies with undergraduate participants towards more complex, real-world situations studied with more diverse groups of people. Smartphones offer new tools for achieving these ambitions, offering rich data about everyday behaviors in a variety of contexts.

　　55. What do we learn about current psychological studies?

　　A) They are going through a period of painful transition.

　　B) They are increasingly focused on real-life situations.

　　C) They are conducted in a more rigorous manner.

　　D) They are mainly targeted towards undergraduates.

　　解析：根据关键词“current psychological studies” 定位到第九段第二句“Today, the field is in transition, moving away from a focus on laboratory studies with undergraduate participants towards more complex, real-world situations …”，现在心理学研究正从实验室研究转向更复杂的真实世界情境里。故此选择B。

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