2015年6月大学英语六级翻译练习及译文（2）

　　1.中国菜举世闻名，而菜名更是诙谐有趣，妙趣横生，充满中国人的智慧。很多菜名用字典雅瑰丽，充满吉祥喜庆之气，诸如把豆苗(bean seedling)比作“龙须”，鸡蛋美名“芙蓉(Confederate rose)”或“凤凰”，鸡爪称“凤爪”，豆腐(tofu)叫成“白玉”，等。不少菜名豪华气派，美不可言，有种汤叫“珍珠玛瑙(agate)翡翠汤”，只是豆腐、番茄加青菜。一些含有祝贺或象征吉祥的菜名，如竹笋炒排骨是 “步步高升”。有些菜名采用的是成语，萝卜丝上放根红辣椒表示“踏雪寻梅”。

　　翻译：Chinese dishes are world-famous, and the dish names are humorous, interesting and full of wits, fully embodying the wisdom of Chinese people. Many dishes are named with elegant and magnificent characters and are full of auspicious and festive atmosphere. For example, the bean seedling is called “dragon beard”， egg is called “Confederate rose” or “phoenix”，chicken claw is called “phoenix talon”，tofu is called“white jade” and so on.Many dish names are in luxurious style and their beauty is beyond words. For example，there is a soup called “soup of pearl, agate and jade”，but its ingredients are only tofu, tomatoes and vegetables. Some dish names express congratulation or symbolize auspiciousness, such as pork ribs fried with bamboo shoots is called “higher and higher' Some dish names are idioms，such as turnip strips with a red pepper is called “looking for plum flowers while treading on the snow”.

　　2.景德镇(Jingdezhen)位于江西省东北部，以瓷器而闻名，历来被誉为中国的 “千年瓷都”。在景德镇出产的各类瓷器中，尤以青花瓷(blue and white porcelain)最为突出。清代是青花瓷的鼎盛时期，景德镇青花瓷以其烧造精致而独占鳌头。新中国成立后，在景德镇设立了人民瓷厂(People's Porcelain Factory)专门生产青花瓷。景德镇青花瓷造型优美，色彩绚丽，装饰精美，是景德镇四大传统名瓷之一，素有“永不凋谢的青花”之称。青花瓷远销世界各地，受到世界人民的喜爱。

　　翻译：Jingdezhen，located in the northeast of Jiangxi Province，is famous for porcelain and is honored as “home of porcelain for thousands of years” in China. Among different types of porcelain produced in Jingdezhen，blue and white porcelain is the most renowned. Blue and white porcelain reached its peak in the Qing Dynasty.Blue and white porcelain from Jingdezhen ranked first for its fine production. After new China was founded, People's Porcelain Factory was set up in Jingdezhen to produce blue and white porcelain specially. Blue and white porcelain from Jingdezhen is elegantly shaped，rich in color and delicately decorated. It is one of the four famous traditional types of porcelain in Jingdezhen, and enjoys the reputation of “ever-green blue and white porcelain”.Blue and white porcelain has been sold to countries all over the world and is liked by people around the world.

　　3.脸谱(facial makeup)是指中国传统戏剧—京剧里男演员脸部的彩色化妆。 它在色彩、形式和类型上有一定的格式。脸谱运用红色、黄色、白色、黑色、紫色、绿色和银色代表不同的人物性格。各角色的脸谱由油漆、粉和油彩画成，基 本形式是整脸、三块瓦脸(San Kuai Wa Lian)和碎脸。这些脸谱类型被广泛用于代 表将军、官员、英雄、神灵和鬼魅。通过眼睛和鼻子周围形状各异的白色小块, 可以辨别出丑角(Chou actors)。有时这些小块以黑色勾勒，常称小花脸。

　　翻译：Facial makeup refers to the colorful painting on the face of the actors in Peking Opera, which is a traditional Chinese opera. It has certain format in terms of color,design and type. Red，yellow，white，black，purple，green and silver are the main colors used for facial makeup to represent different characters. The facial designs for the roles are made by painting, powdering and coloring in the basic forms of Zheng Lzan(keeping the basic face pattern)，San Kuai Wa Lian(three-section face) and Sui Lian(fragmentary face).These types are widely used to represent generals,officials，heroes, gods and ghosts. The Chou (clown) actors can be recognized by the patch of white in various shapes painted around the eyes and nose. Sometimes these patches are outlined in black, often called Xiao Hua Lian(partly painted face).

　　4.唐朝时期，人们就在昌南建造窑坊(kiln),烧制出一种青白瓷(bluish white porcelain)。青白瓷色彩晶莹，有“人造玉器”的美称，因而远近闻名，并大量出口欧洲。当时，欧洲人还不会制造瓷器，因此中国特别是昌南镇的瓷器很受欢迎。 在欧洲，昌南镇瓷器是备受珍爱的贵重物品，人们以能获得一件昌南镇瓷器为荣。因此，欧洲人就以“昌南”作为瓷器和生产瓷器的“中国”的代称。久而久之，欧洲人就把昌南的本意忘却了，只记得它是“瓷器”，即“中国”了。

　　翻译：In the Tang Dynasty, people started to build kilns to make bluish white porcelain in Changnan. The bluish white porcelain was glittering and had the reputation of artificial jade, so it became famous home and abroad and was exported to Europe in large amount. At that time, Europeans were not able to make porcelain,so porcelain from China，especially from Changnan，was warmly welcomed. In Europe，porcelain from Changnan was luxurious article cherished by everyone, and obtaining even one piece of it would make people feel very proud. In this way，Europeans used Changnan as the code name for china (porcelain) and the place of its production，China. Gradually, Europeans forgot the original meaning of Changnan，only remembering it is “china”，namely“China”.

　　5.刺绣(embroidery)是中国艺术中一颗璀燦的明珠。从华丽的龙袍到今日的时装，刺绣为我们的文化和生活增添了许多乐趣。中国记载的最古老的刺绣可追溯至商朝。在当时，刺绣象征着社会地位。随着国民经济的发展，刺绣走进普通人的生活。对于足不出户的女子来说，刺绣是一种优雅的工作。想象一下，一位美丽的年轻女子在家刺绣:一针一线，她为爱人绣一对鸳鸯(mandarin duck)。寒冷的冬日，屋子里充满香气。多么美丽动人的画面啊!

　　翻译：Embroidery is a brilliant pearl in Chinese art. From the magnificent dragon robes worn by emperors to today's fashions, embroidery adds a great deal of pleasure to our culture and life. The oldest embroidery on record in China dates from the Shang Dynasty. Embroidery in this period symbolized social status. As the national economy developed, embroidery entered the life of the common people.Embroideiy was an elegant task for ladies who were forbidden to go out of their homes. Imagine a beautiful young lady embroidering at home:stitch by stitch, she ;embroiders a pair of mandarin ducks for her lover. It is a cold winter day and the room is filled with sweet smell. What a touching and beautiful picture!