2022年12月大学英语六级考试模拟题及答案(四)

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　　2022年12月大学英语六级考试模拟题及答案(四)

　　Part I writing: (30 minutes)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on topic Starting Career in a Big City or Small Town? You should write at least 250 words following the outline given below in Chinese.

　　1. 很多的大学生毕业后留在大城市工作;

　　2. 也有人选择到小城镇开始自己的职业生涯;

　　3. 结合自己的实际情况谈谈自己的看法。

　　PartⅡ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

　　Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8 to10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

　　How to Be a Leader

　　At a moment when we are waiting to see whether we have elected a President or a leader, it is worth examining the differences between the two. For not every president is a leader, but every time we elect a President we hope for one, especially in times of doubt and crisis. In easy times we are ambivalent----the leader, after all, makes demands, challenges the status quo, shakes things up.

　　Leadership is as much a question of timing as anything else. The leader must appear on the scene at a moment when people are looking for leadership ,as Churchill did in 1940, as Roosevelt did in 1933, as Lenin in 1917. And when he comes, he must offer a simple, eloquent message.

　　Great leaders are almost always great simplifiers, who cut through argument, debate and doubt to offer a solution everybody can understand and remember. Churchill warned the British to expect "blood, toil, tears and sweat", FDR told Americans that "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself "; Lenin promised the war-weary Russians peace, land and bread. Straightforward but potent messages.

　　It also helps for a leader to be able to do something most of us can't: FDR overcame polio; Mao swam the Yangtse River at the age of 72. We don't want our leaders to be "just like us." We want them to be like us but better, special, more so. Yet if they are too different, we reject them. Adlai Stevenson was too cerebral. Nelson Rockfeller, too rich.

　　A leader must know how to use power (that' s what leadership is about) but he also has to have way of showing that he does. He has to be able to project firmness-no physical clumsiness (like Ford), no rapid eye movement (like Carter).

　　A Chinese philosopher once remarked that a leader must have the grace of a good dancer, and there is a great deal of wisdom to this. A leader should know how to appear relaxed and confident. His walk should be firm and purposeful. He should be able, like Lincoln, FDR, Truman, Ike and JFK, to give a good , hearty, belly laugh, instead of sickly grin that passes for good humor in Nixon or Carter. Ronald Reagan's training as an actor showed to good effect in the debate with Carter, when by his easy manner and apparent affability, he managed to convey the impression that in fact he was the President and Carter the challenger.

　　If we know what we're looking for, why is it so difficult to find? The answer lies in a very simple truth about leadership. People can only be led where they want to go. The leader follows, through a step ahead. Americans wanted to climb out of the Depression and needed someone to tell them they could do it, and FDR did. The British believed that they could still win the war after the defeats of 1940, and Churchill told them they were right.

　　A leader rides the waves , moves with the tides, understands the deepest desires of his people. He cannot make a nation that wants peace at any price go to war, or stop a nation determined to fight from doing so. His purpose must match the national mood. His task is to focus the people's energies and desires, to define them in simple terms, to inspire, to make what people already want seem attainable, important, within their grasp.